CN-LAB-V-SEM

Exercise 3: Switch and Router Configuration and Configuring VLAN in Packet Tracer

Overview

A switch is a network device used to segment a network into sub-networks, called subnets or LAN segments. It filters and forwards packets between LAN segments based on the MAC address. This exercise demonstrates how to configure a switch, set up VLANs (Virtual Local Area Networks), and verify network connectivity using Packet Tracer.

Steps to Configure the Switch

1. Open Packet Tracer and select a switch (PT-Switch) from the device list.

2. Configure the Hostname of Switch0:
   • Click on Switch0 and access the Command Line Interface (CLI).
   • Change the hostname to “sh.”

   Commands:

   switch> en
   switch# conf t
   switch(config)# hostname sh
   sh(config)# exit
   

3. Set a Message of the Day (MOTD) Banner:
   • Set an MOTD banner for the users and end it with $ to exit.

   Command:

   sh(config)# banner motd $
   

4. Set Line Control and Enable Secret Passwords:
   • Configure the line control password and enable secret for better security.

   Commands:

   sh# conf t
   sh(config)# line con 0
   sh(config-line)# password 123
   sh(config-line)# login
   sh(config-line)# exit
   

5. Verify Password:
   • When you log in, it will prompt for the line control password. To configure the terminal, it will ask for the enable secret password.
6. Save the Configuration:
   • Save the current running configuration to ensure changes are not lost after rebooting the device.

   Command:

   sh# copy run startup-config
   

Router Configuration

After connecting computers with routers using copper straight-through cables, we can simulate network connectivity by transferring a simple PDU (Protocol Data Unit) from PC0 to PC1. The following procedure helps in configuring the router to handle the data flow between multiple devices.

Step 1: Configuring Router1

1. Select the router and open the CLI.
2. Press ENTER to start configuring Router1.
3. Type enable to enter privileged mode.
4. Type config t to access the configuration terminal.

5. Configure the router’s interfaces and set IP addresses for both FastEthernet0/0 and FastEthernet0/1.

   Commands:

   Router> enable
   Router# config t
   Router(config)# interface FastEthernet0/0
   Router(config-if)# ip address 192.168.10.1 255.255.255.0
   Router(config-if)# no shutdown
   
   Router(config)# interface FastEthernet0/1
   Router(config-if)# ip address 192.168.20.1 255.255.255.0
   Router(config-if)# no shutdown
   

Step 2: Configuring PCs

Assign IP addresses to each PC in the network and set the default gateway.

• PC0: IP: 192.168.10.2, Gateway: 192.168.10.1
• PC1: IP: 192.168.20.2, Gateway: 192.168.20.1

Step 3: Connecting PCs with Router

• Connect the FastEthernet0 port of PC0 to FastEthernet0/0 port of Router1 using a copper straight-through cable.
• Connect the FastEthernet0 port of PC1 to FastEthernet0/1 port of Router1 using a copper straight-through cable.

Router Configuration Table

Device Name	IP Address (FastEthernet0/0)	Subnet Mask	IP Address (FastEthernet0/1)	Subnet Mask
Router1	192.168.10.1	255.255.255.0	192.168.20.1	255.255.255.0

PC Configuration Table

Device Name	IP Address	Subnet Mask	Gateway
PC0	192.168.10.2	255.255.255.0	192.168.10.1
PC1	192.168.20.2	255.255.255.0	192.168.20.1

Configuring VLAN in Packet Tracer

A Virtual Local Area Network (VLAN) is a custom network created from one or more existing LANs, enabling a group of devices from multiple networks (wired or wireless) to be combined into a single logical network. VLANs can be managed like a physical network, and the equipment must support VLAN configurations.

Step 1: Creating LAN-A

1. Create a LAN with 6 hosts and 1 Layer 2 Switch (Switch0).
2. Assign IP addresses to the hosts starting from 192.168.10.1.

Step 2: Creating VLANs

1. Create two VLANs:
   • VLAN 150: STUDENT
   • VLAN 250: FACULTY

2. Add these VLANs in the VLAN Database.

   Process:

   • Go to Switch0 → Config → Switching → VLAN Database.
   • Assign numbers 150 (for STUDENT) and 250 (for FACULTY).

Step 3: Assign Hosts to VLAN-STUDENT

• Assign IP addresses from 192.168.10.1 to 192.168.10.3 under VLAN-STUDENT.
• Select the corresponding FastEthernet interfaces and assign them to VLAN 150: STUDENT.

Step 4: Assign Hosts to VLAN-FACULTY

• Assign IP addresses from 192.168.10.4 to 192.168.10.6 under VLAN-FACULTY.
• Assign these hosts to VLAN 250: FACULTY.

Verifying VLAN Configuration

1. To verify the configuration, ping from 192.168.10.1 to 192.168.10.3.

2. Select the host with IP 192.168.10.1, go to Desktop → Command Prompt, and run the following command:

   ping 192.168.10.3
   

This confirms that the VLAN is functioning properly, allowing communication within the VLAN groups.